According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, chloroquine phosphate, or simply chloroquine, along with its analog hydrochloroquine brand name Plaquenil , are anti-parasite, anti-inflammatory drugs used to prevent or treat parasitic infections, namely malaria , as well as autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. This will cause harm and can lead to death. Scientists are working hard to confirm the safety of several drugs for this disease.

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James DiNicolantonio , a cardiovascular research scientist and doctor of pharmacy based in Kansas City, Missouri. But DiNicolantonio and other physicians warn that the drug cocktail could be lethal for patients with underlying heart conditions.

And, in the hands of children, even small doses may be lethal. Furthermore, the mad rush to get hold of these drugs is causing significant shortages among pharmacies and drug manufacturers , which may put lives at risk, particularly in those who rely on these drugs to treat life-threatening conditions, such as lupus.

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The Food and Drug Administration does not list either drug as in shortage. Drugmakers are required to report shortages to the FDA but face no penalties if they fail to do so, Fox said. If lupus is left uncontrolled, the disease can restrict a person's life and even turn fatal. Luczkowski knows firsthand: She had a friend with lupus who died from kidney failure after the disease progressed. For her, the autoimmune disease often brings flares, during which she said her skin feels like it is being burned by the air and that her muscles and joints severely ache.

Nevada's governor issues order prohibiting both drugs for coronavirus treatment

In the unresolved scramble to get her medicine, stress, a key trigger of flares, has been particularly high. Once you're stable on these therapies, it's not something that is easy to switch.

Michael Rea, the CEO of Rx Savings Solution who was previously a pharmacist, said he was most concerned about the panic that could sweep over people in extreme situations like this. Fox, who has closely studied drug shortages for about two decades, is worried there will be more to come as the furious scramble to find effective coronavirus treatments continues.

We're not used to it, and it's a completely different amount of drug people are going to need to have on hand. Account icon An icon in the shape of a person's head and shoulders. It often indicates a user profile. Login Subscribe.

The science behind chloroquine

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Andrew Dunn. Demand for malaria pills has skyrocketed on hopes that the drug can treat COVID , the disease caused by the new coronavirus.

Demand has ramped up so much that the drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are now in shortage, according to a pharmacy group that tracks supplies of medicines. Hydroxychloroquine is a safer and more widely used version of chloroquine. Patients who depend on the medication to treat their arthritis or lupus have struggled to get the pills because of the demand surge. Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.

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